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Elric of Melniboné^[1] is a fictional character created by Michael Moorcock and the protagonist of a series of sword and sorcery stories taking place on an alternative Earth. The proper name and title of the character is Elric VIII, 428th Emperor of Melniboné. Later stories by Moorcock marked Elric as a facet of the Eternal Champion.

Elric first appeared in print in Moorcock's novella 'The Dreaming City' (Science Fantasy No. 47, June 1961). Moorcock's doomed albinoantihero is one of the better known in fantasy literature, having crossed over into a wide variety of media, such as role-playing games, comics, music, and film. The stories have been continuously in print since the 1970s.

• 3Publishing history
• 5Appearances in other media
• 6References in popular culture

Fictional history[edit]

Elric is described in 1972's Elric of Melniboné:

It is the colour of a bleached skull, his flesh; and the long hair which flows below his shoulders is milk-white. From the tapering, beautiful head stare two slanting eyes, crimson and moody, and from the loose sleeves of his yellow gown emerge two slender hands, also the colour of bone.^[2]

Elric is the last emperor of the stagnating island civilisation of Melniboné. Physically weak and frail, the albino Elric must take drugs (special herbs) to maintain his health. Unlike most others of his race, Elric has a conscience; he sees the decadence of his culture, which once ruled the known world, and worries about the rise of the Young Kingdoms, populated by humans (as Melnibonéans do not consider themselves such) and the threat they pose to his empire. Because of his introspective self-loathing of Melnibonéan traditions, his subjects find him odd and unfathomable, and his cousin Yyrkoon (next in the line of succession, as Elric has no heirs) interprets his behaviour as weakness and plots Elric's death.

In addition to his skill with herbs, Elric is an accomplished sorcerer and summoner. As emperor of Melniboné, Elric is able to call for aid upon the traditional patron of the Melniboné emperors, Arioch, a Lord of Chaos and Duke of Hell. From the first story, Elric uses ancient pacts and agreements with not only Arioch but various other beings—some gods, some demons—to help him accomplish his tasks.

Elric's finding of the sword Stormbringer serves as both his greatest asset and greatest disadvantage. The sword confers upon Elric strength, health, and fighting prowess, allowing him to do away with his dependence on drugs, but it must be fed by the souls of intelligent beings. In the end, the blade takes everyone close to Elric and eventually Elric's own soul as well. Most of Moorcock's stories about Elric feature this relationship with Stormbringer, and how it—despite Elric's best intentions—brings doom to everything he holds dear.

Influences[edit]

Moorcock acknowledges the work of Bertolt Brecht, particularly Threepenny Novel and The Threepenny Opera, as 'one of the chief influences' on the initial Elric sequence; he dedicated 1972's Elric of Melniboné to Brecht.^[3][4] In the same dedication, he cited Poul Anderson'sThree Hearts and Three Lions and Fletcher Pratt's The Well of the Unicorn as similarly influential texts. Moorcock has referred to Elric as a type of the 'doomed hero', one of the oldest character-types in literature, akin to such hero-villains as Mervyn Peake's Steerpike in the Titus Groan trilogy, Poul Anderson's Scafloc in The Broken Sword, T. H. White's Lancelot in The Once and Future King, and Jane Gaskell's Zerd in The Serpent.^[5]

The story of Kullervo from Finnish mythology^[6] contains elements similar to Elric's story, such as a talking magic sword and fatal alienation of the hero from his family.^[7] Besides Elric, Kullervo has been proposed as having influence on Poul Anderson's 1954 novel The Broken Sword, and J.R.R. Tolkien's Túrin Turambar. Moorcock has stated that 'Anderson's a definite influence [on Elric], as stated. But oddly, the Kalevala was read to us at my boarding school when I was about seven', and 'from a very early age I was reading Norse legends and any books I could find about Norse stories'.^[8] Moorcock in the same posting stated 'one thing I'm pretty sure of, I was not in any way directly influenced by Prof. T[olkien]'.^[9]

Elric's albinism appears influenced by Monsieur Zenith, an albino Sexton Blake villain whom Moorcock appreciated enough to write into later multiverse stories.^[10] Moorcock read Zenith stories in his youth and has contributed to their later reprinting, remarking that it 'took me forty years to find another copy of Zenith the Albino! In fact it was a friend who found it under lock and key and got a copy of it to Savoy who are, at last, about to reprint it! Why I have spent so much energy making public the evidence of my vast theft from Anthony Skene, I'm not entirely sure... '.^[11] Moorcock later said, 'As I've said in my introduction to Monsieur Zenith: The Albino, the Anthony Skenes character was a huge influence. For the rest of the character, his ambiguities in particular, I based him on myself at the age I was when I created Elric, which was 20'.^[12] The influence of Zenith on Elric is often cited in discussions of Zenith.^[13]

Publishing history[edit]

Elric first appeared in print in a series of six novelettes published in Science Fantasy magazine:

• 'The Dreaming City' (Science Fantasy No. 47, June 1961)
• 'While the Gods Laugh' (Science Fantasy No. 49, October 1961)
• 'The Stealer of Souls' (Science Fantasy No. 51, February 1962)
• 'Kings in Darkness' (Science Fantasy No. 54, August 1962)
• 'The Flame Bringers' (Science Fantasy No. 55, October 1962); retitled 'The Caravan of Forgotten Dreams' in some later collections.
• 'To Rescue Tanelorn ...' (Science Fantasy No. 56, December 1962)

After this came four novellas:

• 'Dead God's Homecoming' (Science Fantasy No. 59, June 1963)
• 'Black Sword's Brothers' (Science Fantasy No. 61, October 1963)
• 'Sad Giant's Shield' (Science Fantasy No. 63, February 1964)
• 'Doomed Lord's Passing' (Science Fantasy No. 64, April 1964)

The last of these terminated the sequence with the close of Elric's life.

After these initial Elric tales, Moorcock periodically published short tales throughout the 1960s and early 1970s, such as 1967's 'The Singing Citadel' and 1973's 'The Jade Man's Eyes'. Meant to be placed in between the initial stories but before the conclusion of 'Doomed Lord's Passing', these later stories would frequently be edited, retitled, and combined together with other material to form fix-ups as part of later republication campaigns.

The first original Elric novel, 1972's Elric of Melniboné, was a prequel detailing Elric's origin and how he came to possess Stormbringer. In 1989 came the second original Elric novel, The Fortress of the Pearl, followed in 1991 with The Revenge of the Rose. A decade later Moorcock began an original Elric trilogy, beginning with The Dreamthief's Daughter (2001), followed by The Skrayling Tree (2003) and The White Wolf's Son (2005).

Internal chronology[edit]

The main sequence, according to the saga's internal chronology, comprises the following books. Bold roman numerals indicate the six-book sequence of the 1977 DAW paperbacks. The dates following each story refer to the date of original publication. In those cases where a book was assembled from several pre-existing stories, each story is given along with its original date; when an original novel is subdivided into parts, the parts are named but not given individual dates.

• (I) Elric of Melniboné (1972)
  • Book 1
  • Book 2
  • Book 3
• The Fortress of the Pearl (1989)
• (II) The Sailor on the Seas of Fate (1976)
  • Book One: 'Sailing To the Future'
  • Book Two: 'Sailing To the Present'
  • Book Three: 'Sailing To the Past'
• Elric at the End of Time (1984)
• (III) The Weird of the White Wolf
  • Prologue: 'The Dream of Earl Aubec' (original title: 'Master of Chaos') (May 1964)
  • Book One: 'The Dreaming City' (June 1961)
  • Book Two: 'While the Gods Laugh' (October 1961)
  • Book Three: 'The Singing Citadel' (May 1967)
• (IV) The Vanishing Tower (original title: The Sleeping Sorceress) (1971)
  • Book One: 'The Torment of the Last Lord'
  • Book Two: 'To Snare the Pale Prince'
  • Book Three: 'Three Heroes With a Single Aim'
• The Revenge of the Rose (1991)
• (V) The Bane of the Black Sword
  • Book One: 'The Stealer of Souls' (February 1962)
  • Book Two: 'Kings in Darkness' (August 1962)
  • Book Three: 'The Flame Bringers' (alternative title: 'The Caravan of Forgotten Dreams') (October 1962)
  • Epilogue: 'To Rescue Tanelorn' (December 1962)
• (VI) Stormbringer
  • Book One: 'Dead God's Homecoming' (June 1963)
  • Book Two: 'Black Sword's Brothers' (October 1963)
  • Book Three: 'Sad Giant's Shield' (February 1964)
  • Book Four: 'Doomed Lord's Passing' (April 1964)

Chronology uncertain:

• 'The Jade Man's Eyes' (1973)
• 'Elric: Return to Melniboné' (1973)
• 'The Lands Beyond the World' (1977)
• The Dreamthief's Daughter (2001)
• The Skrayling Tree (2003)
• The White Wolf's Son (2005)
• 'Black Petals' (2008)
• 'Red Pearls' (2010)

Not part of canonical continuity:

• 'The Last Enchantment' (1978)

Collections[edit]

The first five novelettes were originally collected in The Stealer of Souls (1963) and the later four novellas were first published as a novel in an edited version called Stormbringer (1965). The 1965 novel had about a quarter of the text removed for reasons of length (mostly in the second and third novellas) and the remaining text rearranged with new bridging material added to make sense of the restructuring.

In 1977, DAW Books republished Elric's saga in six books that collected the tales according to their internal chronology. These paperbacks all featured cover art work by the same young artist, Michael Whelan, and helped to define the look of both Elric and his sword Stormbringer. The DAW edition of Stormbringer restored some of the original structure and text compared to the 1965 release, but other revisions were performed and other material excised. A few oddments were collected in Elric at the End of Time (1984), which became the seventh book in the DAW line when DAW released it in the US in 1985. It includes two Elric-related tales: the title story and 1962's 'The Last Enchantment', originally intended as the final Elric story but put aside in favour of those that eventually made up Stormbringer; it was not published until 1978. Both would appear in later collections (with 'The Last Enchantment' occasionally retitled 'Jesting with Chaos').

In the 1990s, Orion Publishing/Millennium released a two-book collection – Elric of Melniboné and Stormbringer – containing the Elric material then available. White Wolf Publishing released a similar two-volume compilation – Elric: Song of the Black Sword (1998) and Elric: The Stealer of Souls (2001). Both of these two-volume compilations are arranged according to the internal chronology of the saga. The White Wolf text has minor revisions when compared to the Millennium release.

The early version of the Elric saga, i.e., the first nine short stories – with 'The Flame Bringers' using the later title of 'The Caravan of Forgotten Dreams' and the full text of Stormbringer as it appeared in Science Fantasy – was republished in a single volume as Elric (Orion/Gollancz 2001), volume 17 in the Fantasy Masterworks series.

Beginning in 2008, Del Rey Books reprinted the Elric material as a series of six illustrated books: The Stealer of Souls, To Rescue Tanelorn, The Sleeping Sorceress, Duke Elric, Elric in the Dream Realms, and Elric: Swords and Roses. This series arranged the stories in the sequence they were originally published, along with related fiction and nonfiction material. The version of Stormbringer featured in this collection restored all the original material missing since the 1977 DAW edition – which had formed the basis for all later editions – as well as Moorcock's preferred versions of all the revised material in an attempt to produce a definitive text. These volumes present the evolution of the character through early fanzine stories, early musings by Moorcock, some Elric stories, some others introducing the reader to the wider 'Eternal Champion' theme, stories of other heroes who coexist with Elric in the realm of Melniboné, unpublished prologues, installments of Moorcock's essay 'Aspects of Fantasy', a 1970s screenplay, a reader's guide, notes from an Elric series that never developed, contemporary reviews, and appreciation essays by other writers.

In August 2012, Victor Gollancz Ltd. announced their intention to republish all of Michael Moorcock's back catalogue, including all the Elric stories, presented in internal chronological order along with previously unpublished material, in both print and e-book formats. The Elric stories were published in seven volumes in 2014–15: Elric of Melniboné and Other Stories, Elric: The Fortress of the Pearl, Elric: The Sailor on the Seas of Fate, Elric: The Sleeping Sorceress, Elric: The Revenge of the Rose, Elric: Stormbringer!, and Elric: The Moonbeam Roads.

Characters in the Elric series[edit]

• Cymoril: A Melnibonéan, Elric's cousin, consort and first great love. He hopes to one day make her his wife and empress. She tries to understand and help Elric, but like his subjects, she has difficulty understanding Elric's motivations and would have him rule as the emperors of old. Despite that she stands by Elric in his weakest state before his acquiring of stormbringer and she supports his dreams and wishes even when she is put in danger by them.
• Dyvim Slorm: A Melnibonéan, Elric's cousin, son of Dyvim Tvar. He fights alongside Elric in the final war against Chaos, wielding the black sword Mournblade.
• Dyvim Tvar: A Melnibonéan, one of Elric's few friends. He is one of the Dragon Masters, a group of Melnibonéans who can speak to the Dragons of Melniboné. Dyvim Tvar stays loyal to Elric even after he destroys Imrryr. Dyvim Tvar also has more of a moral compass than most Melnibonéans.
• Ernest Wheldrake: An amiable poet and bard who involuntarily travels across the Multiverse. Amorous and good-natured, he is given to sudden expulsions of verse and song. He is writing an epic poem about Elric during their shared adventures.
• Jagreen Lern: The cruel ruler of Pan Tang, skilled with both magic and the use of a battleaxe.
• Moonglum of Elwher: A short, red-haired human with a cheerfully ugly face, adventuring companion to Elric. He and Elric share many dangers and rewards together. The most steadfast and loyal companion of all the Young Kingdom humans Elric encounters. He helps Elric in completing his fated purpose.
• Myshella of Law: Colloquially referred to as the Empress of the Dawn and The Dark Lady of Kaneloon, the powerful sorceress Myshella has acted as a guide and consort to Eternal Champions and adventurers alike down through the ages in the ineffable pursuit of Law. Immortal, ageless, and indescribably powerful. She sometimes rides a metal bird with emerald eyes, and more than once lends this mount to Elric.
• Oone: A Dreamthief by trade, at the Silver Flower Oasis in the Sighing Desert, Lady Oone helps Elric locate The Fortress of the Pearl when another of her order dies in a previous attempt. Her fleeting romance with the albino has considerable significance during the later 'Moonbeam Roads' trilogy.
• Prince Gaynor The Damned: A fallen knight of the Balance, doomed to suffer without release by the forces of Chaos. He inhabits a formless existence, imprisoned in a black-and-gold suit of armor emblazoned with the 8-pointed symbol of Chaos.
• Rackhir, the Red Archer: A human, once a Warrior Priest of Phum but cast out of his order. He and Elric travel and adventure together several times throughout the series. Unlike other characters who serve either Law or Chaos, Rackhir devotes himself to the Balance exclusively.
• Sepiriz: One of the ten remaining Nihrain, this dark-skinned servant of the Balance guides Elric through the final phases of his quest. He is also sometimes called 'The Knight in Black and Yellow'.
• Shaarilla of Myyrrhn: The daughter of a dead necromancer, Shaarilla of the Dancing Mist was born a mutant and an outcast among her people. Unlike her fellows of Myyrrhn, Shaarilla was born without wings. She enlists Elric to locate The Dead Gods' Book in the hopes it might contain a spell to reverse her deformity.
• Smiorgan Baldhead: A Count of the Isle of the Purple Towns, and an affable adventurer who accompanies Elric on his adventures on the Nameless Continent. His fleets aid in the Sacking of Imrryr.
• Theleb K'aarna: A human sorcerer of the Pan Tang isles. After being displaced as Queen Yishana's advisor and chief sorcerer by Elric, he seeks revenge and uses sorcery to hinder several of Elric's plans.
• The Rose: A beautiful, scarlet-haired warrior Elric encounters on his journeys through the Multiverse. She wields a Lawful counterpart to Elric's Chaos-forged demonblade 'Stormbringer' named 'Swift Thorn'. Serving neither Law nor Chaos, she has sworn an oath of revenge against Gaynor The Damned for the eradication of a universe that was precious to her.
• Yishana of Jharkor: A human, ruler of Jharkor. She presents Elric with several problems/adventures and openly covets his company and power. Her selfish desires are the root of several of Elric's problems, but she also aids him from time to time and ultimately becomes an important ally in his fight against Chaos.
• Yyrkoon: Prince of Melniboné, Elric's cousin. He is next in line for the throne, as Elric has no male heir. He worries about Elric's behaviour and takes all of Elric's brooding and philosophical talk as a sign of weakness. He yearns for a return to more traditional emperors and secretly plots Elric's demise. Yyrkoon is a great sorcerer who has made many pacts with unholy forces to obtain his sorcerous strength. As further evidence of his decadent ways, he openly desires his sister Cymoril and intends to make her his wife and Empress if his plans ever reach fruition.
• Zarozinia: A human of the Young Kingdoms. She falls in love with Elric and eventually marries him, for a time allowing him to experience true love and companionship. For her sake, Elric also gives up his blade Stormbringer and reverts to taking sorcerous herbs to sustain his life.

Appearances in other media[edit]

Comics[edit]

• In 1971, the French artist Philippe Druillet drew for Spirits #1 the first comics version of Elric, written by Michel Demuth and published as a book the same year.^[14]
• Elric first appeared in comics in America 1972, in Conan the Barbarian issues 14–15, an adventure in two parts entitled 'A Sword Called Stormbringer!' and “The Green Empress of Melniboné”. The comic was written by Roy Thomas and illustrated by Barry Windsor-Smith, based on a story plotted by Michael Moorcock and James Cawthorn.^[15]
• Star Reach comics published Elric stories in the late 1970s. First Comics published several Elric mini-series in the 1980s as well.
• Elric also appeared in a number of original stories published by DC Comics. Helix, a short-lived science-fiction and fantasy imprint of DC, published the 12-issue Michael Moorcock's Multiverse from 1997. In 2004, DC Comics published the four-issue Elric: Making of a Sorcerer, with art by Walt Simonson, a story about Elric's magical training before the events of the novel Elric of Melniboné.
• P. Craig Russell has drawn comics adaptations of three Moorcock novels: Elric of Melniboné (with Roy Thomas and Michael T. Gilbert; Pacific Comics), The Dreaming City and While the Gods Laugh (representing the first two-thirds of Weird of the White Wolf; Marvel/Epic Comics), and Stormbringer (Dark Horse). The character has also been adapted by Walter Simonson and Frank Brunner, and by George Freeman and others on the long-running Elric series at Pacific which Russell had co-created. (Reportedly tensions between him and Thomas were the reason for his departure.)
• Adam Warlock, under artist Jim Starlin, was influenced by Elric and made into a MarvelComic version of that superhero, with concepts such as the Soul Gem stealing souls, the introduction of Master Order and Lord Chaos. The premise is similar to the Adam Warlock soul-stealing gems, which may well have borrowed from Elric.^{[16][17][18][19]}
• Tom Strong No. 31 and No. 32, The Black Blade of the Barbary Coast part 1 & 2, written by Moorcock, feature albino pirate Captain Zodiac seeking the 'Black Blade', a black cutlass marked with red runes. This presents a recurrence of Elric and Stormbringer, with a liberal dash of Monsieur Zenith.
• 2011 marked the launch of another Elric-based comic, Elric: The Balance Lost by BOOM! Studios. The series, written by Chris Roberson and drawn by Francesco Biagini, is available in both traditional hard copy and for digital download.
• In 2014, The Ruby Throne, the first volume of a new four-volume adaptation of Elric of Melniboné written by Julien Blondel and illustrated by Didier Poli, Jean Bastide, and Robin Recht, was published by Titan Comics. Stormbringer, the second volume was published in March 2015 by the same team and publisher. Moorcock states that this is his favorite comic adaptation of his Elric stories to date and praises the subtle changes to the original story, saying that he wishes he had made them himself.^[20] The third volume, entitled 'The White Wolf', will be released in September 2017.^[21]

Music[edit]

• The Chronicle of the Black Sword is a 1985 album by UK space rock band Hawkwind. Moorcock and Hawkwind had, at this stage, collaborated a number of times. An expanded live album, Live Chronicles, was released in 1986. This included several spoken-word interludes by author Moorcock in his capacity as on-stage narrator. The live show also included a mime artist portraying Elric himself. A video concert film entitled The Chronicle of the Black Sword appeared on VHS and later on DVD.
• The song 'Black Blade' was recorded for the album Cultösaurus Erectus (1980) by Blue Öyster Cult, written by singer/guitarist Eric Bloom with lyrics by Moorcock. Moorcock also collaborated on the songs 'The Great Sun Jester' (Mirrors (1979)) and 'Veteran of the Psychic Wars' (Fire of Unknown Origin (1981)).
• The heavy metal band Tygers of Pan Tang take their name from the fictional islands of Pan Tang in the Elric series, where the ruling wizards keep pet tigers.
• In 1974, the UK hard rock band Deep Purple released an album entitled Stormbringer. In a 1974 interview with New Musical Express, David Coverdale said he 'never even considered Michael Moorcock's work' writing the song.^{[citation needed]}
• Influential new wave of British heavy metal band Diamond Head made Elric one of the primary lyrical subjects of their seminal 1982 release Borrowed Time and featured the character on the cover art. Songs from this release would gain further visibility when they were re-recorded by Metallica.
• Washington State Thrash/Black metal band NME released the song 'Stormbringer' on their 1986 album Unholy Death.
• The German band Blind Guardian has written several songs pertaining to Elric's story and Stormbringer, including 'The Quest For Tanelorn', 'Tanelorn (Into The Void)', and 'Fast To Madness'.
• The Italian power metal band Domine has based most of their albums on the Elric saga.
• The second studio album Agents of Power by American heavy metal band SKELATOR contains 'Elric: The Dragon Prince (A Tale Of Tragic Destiny In 12 Parts)', a 40-minute Elric epic.
• Elric appears in the EP 'The Fall of Melniboné' from Spanish Heavy Metal band Dark Moor.
• The Serbian fantasy metal band Númenor has written several songs on their debut album Colossal Darkness based on Elric of Melniboné stories including: The Eternal Champion, The Sailor on the Seas of Fate and While the Gods Laugh.
• Swedish melodic black/death band Sacramentum (band) have referenced characters and themes such as the cult of Slortar on their 1999 album Thy Black Destiny, notably the track 'Overlord'.
• The Greek epic metal band Battleroar has written the song 'Mourning Sword' on their debut album Battleroar. On their second album, 'Age of Chaos', there is a song called 'Dyvim Tvar'.
• Swedish heavy metal band Grand Magus released 'Steel Versus Steel', about Elric's dependence on Stormbringer's corrupting power, on their 2014 album 'Triumph and Power'.

Film[edit]

• Wendy Pini published a book documenting her attempt to make an animated film project of the Stormbringer series. Law and Chaos: The 'Stormbringer' Animated Film Project (ISBN0936861045) was published by Father Tree Press of Poughkeepsie, New York in 1987. The book contains original artwork, information on the characters, an overview of the plot, and her personal investment in the project. The film, however, never reached completion.
• On 29 May 2007, in an interview with Empire magazine, directors Chris and Paul Weitz stated that they are in the process of adapting a trilogy of films based on Elric for Universal Pictures.^[22] Chris grew up reading the material^[22] and has met with Moorcock, who trusted them with the project.^[22]

Role-playing games[edit]

• Elric (along with Stormbringer) was listed in the first printing of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons (AD&D)Deities & Demigods rule book. However, Chaosium already had a role playing series in the works based on Elric & Stormbringer and the initial AD&D printing was not fully authorised. A mutually beneficial deal was worked out between Chaosium and TSR, yet TSR chose to remove Elric from later printings of Deities & Demigods.^[23]
• The world of Elric's Young Kingdoms was the setting of the Stormbringerrole-playing game by the publisher Chaosium (Hawkmoon has also been so treated, as has Corum). In 1993 Chaosium released Elric! which still used their BRP system. Its main difference was in the way magic through demon summoning was detailed and the allegiance system that saw characters lean either towards law, chaos or the balance, themes that underscored the books. It was later re-published with slight modification as 'Stormbringer 5th edition'.
• After a disagreement between Moorcock and Chaosium, the Stormbringer line was discontinued. Subsequently, a new version called 'Elric of Melniboné' was published by Mongoose Publishing under their Runequest system in 2007.
• A French company called 'Départements des Sombres Projets' (Dark Designs Department) published a new version called 'Mournblade' in 2012. The name Mournblade is a wink to Chaosium's Stormbringer.

References in popular culture[edit]

Television[edit]

• In the Babylon 5 episode 'The Geometry of Shadows', the leader of the Technomage order is named Elric in what Michael Moorcock called 'clearly straight homage'^[24] to his Elric novels.
• In the TV series Game of Thrones, when King Joffrey I Baratheon is presented with a new sword at his wedding feast, he asks the crowd what he should name it and someone suggests 'Stormbringer'.

Comics[edit]

• The Elric character is parodied in the Cerebus the Aardvarkgraphic novels by Dave Sim, as Elrod of Melvinbone, the Albino, with his sword Seersucker, and the speech-patterns of Foghorn Leghorn. Sim's drawing of Elrod follows Smith's drawing of Elric in Conan the Barbarian, which in turn was based on the US Lancer paperback covers by Jack Gaughan, complete with 'tall pointy hat'.^[25]
• Elric is also parodied as 'Eric of Bonémaloné' in the Thrud the Barbarian comic strip from White Dwarf. In 'The Three Tasks of Thrud', Thrud's third task is to capture Eric's magic sword, 'Stoatbringer'.^[26]

Books[edit]

• Karl Edward Wagner wrote a short story, 'The Gothic Touch', in which his immortal protagonist Kane enlists the aid of Elric and Moonglum, which can be found in Michael Moorcock's Elric: Tales of the White Wolf (ISBN1-56504-175-5) and in Wagner's Exorcisms and Ecstasies (ISBN1878252283).^[27]
• Author Neil Gaiman wrote a short story called 'One Life, Furnished in Early Moorcock' about a troubled boy who loves the stories about Elric, and finds escape from the everyday world in them. The story was published in the short story collection Smoke and Mirrors.
• Author Tad Williams features the character in 'Go Ask Elric', a short story published in his collection Rite.
• The Witcher series' main character, Geralt of Rivia is nicknamed the White Wolf; the character also shares a number of features with Elric, including appearance (Geralt is also an albino), skills and character traits (both characters often act as anti-heroes, both extensively use potions). While some argue this is 'homage', author Andrzej Sapkowski's refusal to acknowledge the inspiration has been taken by some (including Moorcock) to be an act of plagiarism.^[28]
• The Elric brothers from the Fullmetal Alchemist series are named after Elric.
• The book You: A Novel contains many references to Elric as having influenced one of the main characters.

Music[edit]

• Michael Moorcock received a songwriting credit for the Blue Öyster Cult song 'Black Blade'. Blue Öyster Cult notes on their website that lyrical collaborations with Moorcock 'inspired ... 'Black Blade'.^[29][30] He has also co-written 'Veteran of the Psychic Wars', inspired by the Elric stories.
• The California-based speed-metal band Cirith Ungol included several Elric-based songs on their albums over the years; moreover, their album covers were often book-cover depictions of Elric by artist Michael Whelan, used with permission.
• Elric, his homeland of Melniboné, and his sword Stormbringer are featured in German heavy metal band Blind Guardian's song 'Fast to Madness' from their 'Follow the Blind' album (1989). 'Damned for All Time', from the same album, also concerns Elric, as do the songs 'The Quest for Tanelorn' from 'Somewhere Far Beyond' (1992) and 'Tanelorn (Into the Void)' from 'At the Edge of Time' (2010).
• Elric is featured in the Spanish Power metal band Dark Moor's song 'Fall of Melnibone'.
• The new wave of British heavy metal band Tygers of Pan Tang are named after a warrior society in the Elric stories.
• The metal band Grand Magus feature part of the Elric saga in the song 'Steel vs. Steel' from the 'Triumph and Power' album.
• The Heavy Metal band Atlantis released a song, on their second Ep, called 'Stormbringer & Mournblade'.
• The albums of the Italian Power Metal band Domine are all about Elric's saga.
• At the beginning of 1975, the band Hawkwind recorded the album Warrior on the Edge of Time in collaboration with Michael Moorcock, loosely based on his Eternal Champion figure.

Role-playing game[edit]

• Elric's nickname 'the White Wolf' inspired White Wolf, Inc. Founders Steven and Stewart Wieck were fans of the character, and named their roleplaying game magazine, and later their company, after him.^[31]

Software[edit]

• The Grome landscape modelling software is named after Grome, King of the Earth elementals in Elric's world.
• The ZX Spectrum strategy game Chaos: The Battle of Wizards (1985) uses the 'Arrow of Law' and 'arrows radiating outward' symbols of Law and Chaos established in Moorcock's mythos to denote the alignment of spells. Use of Law or Chaos magic also shifts the Cosmic Balance in favour of Law or Chaos, as in Moorcock's multiverse. The game's author Julian Gollop acknowledges that the design was 'partly inspired by Moorcock's conflict of Law and Chaos'.^[32]

Footnotes[edit]

1. ^Michael Moorcock (1 March 2008). 'pronunciation'. Moorcock's Miscellany. p. 3. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2016. Mel-nib-on-ay (as in cafe)
2. ^Moorcock, Michael (1987). Elric of Melniboné. Ace. p. 192. ISBN978-0-441-20398-7.
3. ^'Mike's Recommended Reading List'Archived 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine. by Michael Moorcock
4. ^Librarything on Elric of Melnibone
5. ^Michael Moorocok, 'Aspects of Fantasy' in Darrell Schweitzer (ed.), Exploring Fantasy Worlds: Essays on Fantastic Literature. San Bernardino, CA: Borgo Press, 1985, p. 27.
6. ^John Martin Crawford (1888). 'The Kalevala: Rune XXXI. Kullerwoinen Son of Evil'. sacred-texts.com. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
7. ^John Martin Crawford (1888). 'The Kalevala: Rune XXXVI. Kullerwoinen's Victory and Death'. sacred-texts.com. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
8. ^Elric/TurambarArchived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine – Moorcock's Miscellany.
9. ^Moorcock, Michael (25 January 2003). 'Tolkien times two'. The Guardian. London. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
10. ^Paula Guran; Rich Horton. 'The Metatemporal Detective by Michael Moorcock (review)'. Fantasy Magazine. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
11. ^Lancer pirates? > M. ZenithArchived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine – Moorcock's Miscellany.
12. ^Bill Baker, World Famous Comics >> Baker's Dozen – 5 January 2005.
13. ^E.g.: Monsieur Zenith the Albino, and Savoy People: The Most Banned Publishing Company in Britain.
14. ^[1]
15. ^Thomas, Roy (w), Windsor-Smith, Barry (p). 'A Sword Called Stormbringer!', 'The Green Empress of Melniboné' Conan the Barbarian 14, No. 15 (March 1972), Marvel Comics
16. ^'Jim Starlin's 1975 Warlock series', Remarkable, 2 July 2009.
17. ^'Starlin's Warlock and it's influence on Grant Morrison', 11 O'Clock Comics, 6 May 2012.
18. ^'Elric Movie', The REH Forum, 31 January 2004.
19. ^'Elric of Melniboné vs. Adam Warlock', Who Would Win?
20. ^Rob Bricken, 'Michael Moorcock Reveals Why This Elric Comic Is Superior To The Books', io9.com, 25 September 2014.
21. ^'Elric BD Facebook Page'. Elric BD Facebook. Glénat BD. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
22. ^ ^abcEmpire Staff (29 May 2007). 'Weitz Brothers Making Elric'. Empire. Retrieved 13 July 2008.
23. ^See the RPGnet brief history of Chaosium for more details.
24. ^'I have noticed that, though I haven't seen much Babylon 5, not getting to see TV that often (usually in motel rooms when travelling). I don't mind, since the Elric reference is clearly straight homage, and I'd do the same myself in the circumstances.' --Michael Moorcock [2]
25. ^'I loved Dave's parody. As he knew. He'd been a little charey of what I'd think of it and I thought it was tremendous. I even bought the Elrod T-shirt.' 'Jack Gaughan. I never forgave him for that hat.' – Michael Moorcock. Moorcock's MiscellanyArchived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Image hereArchived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 March 2008
26. ^http://www.multiverse.org/imagehive/index.php/bookcovers/comiccovers/Parodies/thrud/Thrud
27. ^'Karl's Influences'. karledwardwagner.org. 24 November 2007. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
28. ^The Rageaholic (5 February 2013), No More Witcher for RazörFist (And Why) – VLOG 28, retrieved 14 June 2018
29. ^'Michael Moorcock'. www.blueoystercult.com. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
30. ^Blue Oyster Cult – Music Shop – Virgin RadioArchived 10 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine
31. ^'A Brief History of Game #11: White Wolf, Part One: 1986–1995 – RPGnet'. rpg.net. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
32. ^'Julian Gollop talks Ghost Recon: Shadow Wars and a career in turn-based gaming – GamesTm'. gamestm.co.uk. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

External links[edit]

• Moorcock's Miscellany (formerly Tanelorn, Multiverse.org & Moorcock's Weekly Miscellany)
• Michael Moorcock's Comics Compendium incl. Elric adaptations

Michael John Moorcock (born 18 December 1939) is an English writer and musician, primarily of science fiction and fantasy, who has also published literary novels. He is best known for his novels about the character Elric of Melniboné, a seminal influence on the field of fantasy since the 1960s and ‘70s.

As editor of the British science fiction magazine New Worlds, from May 1964 until March 1971 and then again from 1976 to 1996, Moorcock fostered the development of the science fiction 'New Wave' in the UK and indirectly in the United States. His publication of Bug Jack Barron (1969) by Norman Spinrad as a serial novel was notorious; in Parliament some British MPs condemned the Arts Council for funding the magazine.^[2] He is also a successful recording musician, contributing to the band Hawkwind, Blue Öyster Cult and his own project.

In 2008, The Times newspaper named Moorcock in its list of 'The 50 greatest British writers since 1945'.^[3]

• 3Writer
  • 3.1Fiction
• 4Music
• 6Selected works
• 11External links

Biography[edit]

Michael Moorcock was born in London in December 1939,^[4] and the landscape of London, particularly the area of Notting Hill Gate^[5] and Ladbroke Grove, is an important influence in some of his fiction (cf. the Cornelius novels).^[6]

Moorcock has mentioned The Mastermind of Mars by Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Apple Cart by George Bernard Shaw and The Constable of St. Nicholas by Edwin Lester Arnold as the first three non-juvenile books that he read before beginning primary school.^[7] The first book he bought was a secondhand copy of The Pilgrim's Progress.^[8]

Moorcock is the former husband of Hilary Bailey by whom he had three children: Sophie b.1963, Katherine b.1964, and Max b. 1972.^[5] He is also the former husband of Jill Riches, who later married Robert Calvert. She illustrated some of Moorcock's books, including covers, including the Gloriana dustjacket.^[9] In 1983, Linda Steele became Moorcock's third wife.^[10][11][12]

He was an original member of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), a loose-knit group of eight heroic fantasy authors founded in the 1960s and led by Lin Carter, self-selected by fantasy credentials alone.

Moorcock is the subject of four book-length works, a monograph and an interview, by Colin Greenland. In 1983, Greenland published The Entropy Exhibition: Michael Moorcock and the British 'New Wave' in Science Fiction. He followed this with Michael Moorcock: Death is No Obstacle, a book-length interview about technique, in 1992. 'Michael Moorcock: Law of Chaos' by Jeff Gardiner and 'Michael Moorcock: Fiction, Fantasy and the World's Pain' by Mark Scroggins were published more recently.

In the 1990s, Moorcock moved to Texas in the United States.^[13] His wife Linda is American.^[14] He spends half of the year in Texas, the other half in Paris.^[5][15]

Views on politics[edit]

Moorcock's works are noted for their political nature and content. In one interview, he states, 'I am an anarchist and a pragmatist. My moral/philosophical position is that of an anarchist.'^[16] Further, in describing how his writing relates to his political philosophy, Moorcock says, 'My books frequently deal with aristocratic heroes, gods and so forth. All of them end on a note which often states quite directly that one should serve neither gods nor masters but become one's own master.'^[16]

Besides using fiction to explore his politics,^[13] Moorcock also engages in political activism. In order to 'marginalize stuff that works to objectify women and suggests women enjoy being beaten', he has encouraged W H Smiths to move John Norman's Gor series novels to the top shelf.^[16]

Writer[edit]

Fiction[edit]

Moorcock began writing whilst he was still at school, contributing to a magazine he entitled Outlaw's Own from 1950 on.^[4]

In 1957 at the age of 17, Moorcock became editor of Tarzan Adventures (a national juvenile weekly featuring text and Tarzan comic strip) where he published at least a dozen of his own Sojan the Swordsman stories during that year and the next.^[17] At age 18 (in 1958), he wrote the allegorical fantasy novel The Golden Barge. This remained unpublished until 1980, when it was issued by Savoy Books with an introduction by M. John Harrison. At 19 years of age^[6] he also edited Sexton Blake Library (serial pulp fiction featuring Sexton Blake, the poor man's Sherlock Holmes)^[18] and returned to late Victorian London for some of his books. Writing ever since, he has produced a huge volume of work. His first story in New Worlds was 'Going Home' (1958; with Barrington J. Bayley). 'The Sundered Worlds', a 57-page novella published in the November 1962 number of Science Fiction Adventures edited by John Carnell, became, with its sequel 'The Blood Red Game' from the same magazine, the basis for his 190-page paperback debut novel three years later, The Sundered Worlds (Compact Books, 1965; in the U.S., Paperback Library, 1966).^[1]

Moorcock replaced Carnell as New Worlds editor from the May–June 1964 number.^[1] Under his leadership the magazine became central to 'New Wave' science fiction. This movement promoted literary style and an existential view of technological change, in contrast to 'hard science fiction',^[19] which extrapolated on technological change itself. Some 'New Wave' stories were not recognisable as traditional science fiction, and New Worlds remained controversial for as long as Moorcock edited it.

During that time, he occasionally wrote as 'James Colvin', a 'house pseudonym' that was also used by other New Worlds critics. A spoof obituary of Colvin appeared in New Worlds #197 (January 1970), written by Charles Platt as 'William Barclay'. Moorcock makes much use of the initials 'JC'; these are also the initials of JesusChrist, the subject of his 1967 Nebula award-winning novellaBehold the Man, which tells the story of Karl Glogauer, a time-traveller who takes on the role of Christ. They are also the initials of various 'Eternal Champion' Moorcock characters such as Jerry Cornelius, Jerry Cornell and Jherek Carnelian. In more recent years, Moorcock has taken to using 'Warwick Colvin, Jr.' as a pseudonym, particularly in his 'Second Ether' fiction.

Moorcock talks about much of his writing in Death Is No Obstacle by Colin Greenland, which is a book-length transcription of interviews with Moorcock about the structures in his writing.

Moorcock has also published pastiches of writers for whom he felt affection as a boy, including Edgar Rice Burroughs, Leigh Brackett, and Robert E. Howard. All his fantasy adventures have elements of satire and parody, while respecting what he considers the essentials of the form. Although his heroic fantasies have been his most consistently reprinted books in the United States, he achieved prominence in the UK as a literary author, with the Guardian Fiction Prize in 1977 for The Condition of Muzak, and with Mother London later shortlisted for the Whitbread Prize.^[20]

Novels and series such as the Cornelius Quartet, Mother London, King of the City, the Pyat Quartet and the short story collection London Bone have established him in the eyes of critics such as Iain Sinclair, Peter Ackroyd and Allan Massie in publications including The Times Literary Supplement and the London Review of Books as a major contemporary literary novelist. In 2008 Moorcock was named by a critics' panel in The Times as one of the fifty best British novelists since 1945.^[3] Virtually all of his stories are part of his overarching 'Eternal Champion' theme or oeuvre, with characters (including Elric) moving from one storyline and fictional universe to another, all of them interconnected (though often only in dreams or visions).

Most of Moorcock's earlier work consisted of short stories and relatively brief novels: he has mentioned that 'I could write 15,000 words a day and gave myself three days a volume. That's how, for instance, the Hawkmoon books were written.'^[21] Over the period of the New Worlds editorship and his publishing of the original fantasy novels Moorcock has maintained an interest in the craft of writing and a continuing interest in the semi-journalistic craft of 'pulp' authorship. This is reflected in his development of interlocking cycles which hark back to the origins of fantasy in myth and medieval cycles (see 'Wizardry and Wild Romance – Moorcock' and 'Death Is No Obstacle – Colin Greenland' for more commentary). This also provides an implicit link with the episodic origins of literature in newspaper/magazine serials from Trollope and Dickens onwards. None of this should be surprising given Moorcock's background in magazine publishing.

Since the 1980s, Moorcock has tended to write longer, more literary 'mainstream' novels, such as Mother London and Byzantium Endures, but he continues to revisit characters from his earlier works, such as Elric, with books such as The Dreamthief's Daughter or The Skrayling Tree. With the publication of the third and last book in this series, The White Wolf's Son, he announced that he was 'retiring' from writing heroic fantasy fiction, though he continues to write Elric's adventures as graphic novels with his long-time collaborators Walter Simonson and the late James Cawthorn (1929–2008).^[a] Together, they produced the graphic novel, Elric: the Making of a Sorcerer, published by DC Comics in 2007. He has also completed his Colonel Pyat sequence, dealing with the Nazi Holocaust, which began in 1981 with Byzantium Endures, continued through The Laughter of Carthage (1984) and Jerusalem Commands (1992), and now culminates with The Vengeance of Rome (2006).

Michael Moorcock Elric Melnibone Download Torrent Full

Among other works by Moorcock are The Dancers at the End of Time, set on Earth millions of years in the future, Gloriana, or The Unfulfill'd Queen, set in an alternative Earth history and the 'Second Ether' sequence beginning with 'BLOOD'.

Moorcock is prone to revising his existing work, with the result that different editions of a given book may contain significant variations. The changes range from simple retitlings (e.g., the Elric story The Flame Bringers became The Caravan of Forgotten Dreams in the 1990s Gollancz/White Wolf omnibus editions) to character name changes (e.g., detective 'Minos Aquilinas' becoming first 'Minos von Bek' and later 'Sam Begg' in three different versions of the short story 'The Pleasure Garden of Felipe Sagittarius'),^[22] major textual alterations (for example, the addition of several new chapters to The Steel Tsar in the omnibus editions), and even complete restructurings (e.g., the 1966 novella Behold the Man being expanded to novel-length from the original version that appeared in New Worlds for republication as a book in 1969 by Allison and Busby).

A new, final revision of almost his entire oeuvre, with the exception of his literary novels Mother London, King of the City and the Pyat quartet, is currently being issued by Victor Gollancz and many of his titles are being reprinted in the United States and France. Many comics based on his work are being reprinted by Titan Books under the general title The Michael Moorcock Library while in France a new adaptation of the Elric series has been translated into many languages, including English.

Elric of Melniboné[edit]

Moorcock's best-selling works have been the 'Elric of Melniboné' stories.^[23] In these books, Elric is written as a deliberate reversal of what Moorcock saw as clichés commonly found in fantasy adventure novels inspired by the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, and a direct antithesis of Robert E. Howard's Conan the Barbarian.^{[citation needed]}

Moorcock's work is complex and multilayered.^{[citation needed]} Central to many of his fantasy novels is the concept of an 'Eternal Champion', who has potentially multiple identities across multiple dimensions of reality and alternative universes.^[24] This cosmology is called the 'Multiverse' within his novels and independently mirrors the concept which arose in particle physics in the 1960s and is still a current theory in high energy physics.^{[citation needed]} The Multiverse deals with various primal polarities such as good and evil, law and chaos,^[25] and order and entropy.

The success of Elric has overshadowed his many other works, though he has worked a number of the themes of the Elric stories into his other works (the 'Hawkmoon' and 'Corum' novels, for example) and Elric appears in the Jerry Cornelius and Dancers at the End of Time cycles. His Eternal Champion sequence has been collected in two different editions of omnibus volumes totalling 16 books (the U.S. edition was 15 volumes, while the British edition was 14 volumes, but due to various rights issues, the U.S. edition contained two volumes that were not included in the British edition, and the British edition likewise contained one volume that was not included in the U.S. edition) containing several books per volume, by Victor Gollancz in the UK and by White Wolf Publishing in the US. There have been several uncompleted attempts to make an Elric film. Currently The Mythology Company have a film project in hand with a script by Glen Mazzara. Hawkmoon is currently in development by the BBC.

Jerry Cornelius[edit]

Another of Moorcock's creations is Jerry Cornelius, a kind of hip urban adventurer of ambiguous gender; the same characters featured in each of several Cornelius books. These books were most obviously satirical of modern times, including the Vietnam War, and continue to feature as another variation of the Multiverse theme.^[24] The first Jerry Cornelius book, The Final Programme (1968), was made into a feature film in 1973.^[26] Its story line is essentially identical to two of the Elric stories: The Dreaming City and The Dead Gods' Book. Since 1998, Moorcock has returned to Cornelius in a series of new stories: The Spencer Inheritance, The Camus Connection, Cheering for the Rockets, and Firing the Cathedral, which was concerned with 9/11. All four novellas were included in the 2003 edition of The Lives and Times of Jerry Cornelius. Moorcock's most recent Cornelius stories, 'Modem Times', appeared in The Solaris Book of New Science Fiction: Volume 2, published in 2008, this was expanded in 2011 as 'Modem Times 2.0'. Additionally, a version of Cornelius also appeared in Moorcock's 2010 Doctor Who novel The Coming of the Terraphiles. Pegging the President (PS. 2018), The Fracking Factory (on FB, 2018) are two recent novellas and further stories are forthcoming.

Since the 1990s he has worked on novels containing autobiography and fake autobiography mixed with fantasy and parody beginning with 'Blood' and 'The War Amongst the Angels'. His most recent sequence began with 'The Whispering Swarm', published to critical success in 2015. 'The Woods of Arcady' is forthcoming. With 'Kaboul' (Denoel 2018) he continued to publish original work in France.

Views on fiction writing[edit]

Moorcock is a fervent supporter of the works of Mervyn Peake.^[27]

He cites Fritz Leiber, an important sword and sorcery pioneer, as an author who writes fantasy that is not escapist and contains meaningful themes. These views can be found in his study of epic fantasy, Wizardry and Wild Romance (Gollancz, 1987) which was revised and reissued by MonkeyBrain Books in 2004—its first U.S. edition catalogued by ISFDB.^{[1][clarification needed]}

Moorcock is somewhat dismissive of the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. He met both Tolkien and C. S. Lewis in his teens, and claims to have liked them personally even though he does not admire them on artistic grounds. Moorcock criticised works such as The Lord of the Rings for their 'Merry England' point of view, famously equating Tolkien's novel to Winnie-the-Pooh in his essay Epic Pooh.^[28] Even so, James Cawthorn and Moorcock included The Lord of the Rings in Fantasy: The 100 Best Books (Carroll & Graf, 1988), and their review is not dismissive.^[a]

Moorcock has also criticized writers for their political agendas. He included Robert A. Heinlein and H. P. Lovecraft among this group in a 1978 essay, 'Starship Stormtroopers' (Anarchist Review). There he criticised the production of 'authoritarian' fiction by certain canonical writers, and Lovecraft for having antisemitic, misogynistic and extremely racist viewpoints that he weaved into his short stories.^[29]

Sharing fictional universes with others[edit]

Moorcock has allowed a number of other writers to create stories in his fictional Jerry Cornelius universe. Brian Aldiss, M. John Harrison, Norman Spinrad, James Sallis, and Steve Aylett, among others, have written such stories. Many others have appeared on a Moorcock Facebook page. In an interview published in The Internet Review of Science Fiction, Moorcock explains the reason for sharing his character:

I came out of popular fiction and Jerry was always meant to be a sort of crystal ball for others to see their own visions in – the stories were designed to work like that – a diving board, to use another analogy, from which to jump into the river and be carried along by it. [...] All of these have tended to use Jerry the way I intended to use him – as a way of seeing modern life and sometimes as a way of commenting on it. Jerry, as Harrison said, was as much a technique as a character and I'm glad that others have taken to using that method.^[30]

Two short stories by Keith Roberts, 'Coranda' and 'The Wreck of the Kissing Bitch', are set in the frozen Matto Grosso plateau of Moorcock's 1969 novel, The Ice Schooner.

Elric of Melnibone and Moonglum appear in Karl Edward Wagner's story 'The Gothic Touch', where they meet with Kane, who borrows Elric for his ability to deal with demons.

He is a friend and fan of comic book writer Alan Moore, and allowed Moore the use of his own character, Michael Kane of Old Mars, mentioned in Moore's The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume II. The two men appeared on stage at the Vanbrugh Theatre in London in January 2006 where they discussed Moorcock's work. The Green City from Warriors of Mars was also referenced in Larry Niven's Rainbow Mars. Moorcock's character Jerry Cornelius appeared in Moore's The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume III: Century.

Cornelius also appeared in French artist Mœbius' comic series Le Garage Hermétique.

In 1995-96, Moorcock wrote a script for a computer game/film/novel by Origin Systems.^[31] When Electronic Arts bought Origins, the game was cancelled, but Moorcock's 40,000 word treatment was fleshed out by Storm Constantine, resulting in the novel, Silverheart. The story is set in Karadur-Shriltasi, a city at the heart of the Multiverse. A second novel, Dragonskin, was described as being in preparation, with Constantine as the main writer, but has not yet been delivered. Moorcock abandoned a memoir about his friends Mervyn Peake and Maeve Gilmore because he felt it was too personal.

He wrote prose and verse for The Sunday Books first publication in French to accompany a set of unpublished Peake drawings. His book The Metatemporal Detective was published in 2007. His most recent book to be published first in French is Kaboul, in 2018.

In November 2009, Moorcock announced^[32] that he would be writing a Doctor Who novel for BBC Books in 2010, making it one of the few occasions when he has written stories set in other people's 'shared universes'.^[33] The novel, The Coming of the Terraphiles, was released in October 2010. The story merges Doctor Who with many of Moorcock's characters from the multiverse, notably Captain Cornelius and his pirates.^[34] In 2016 he published the first novel in what he terms a literary experiment, blending memoir and fantasy, The Whispering Swarm. In 2018 he announced his completion of the second volume The Woods of Arcady. His Jerry Cornelius novella 'Pegging the President' was launched at Shakespeare and Co, Paris, in 2018, where he discussed his work with Hari Kunzru and reaffirmed his commitment to literary experiment.

Moorcock is a member of the College of Pataphysicians.

Audiobooks[edit]

The first of an audiobook series of unabridged Elric novels, with new work read by Moorcock, have recently begun appearing from AudioRealms. The second audiobook in the series – The Sailor on the Seas of Fate – was published in 2007. There have been audio-books of Corum and others, several of which were unofficial and A Winter Admiral and Furniture are audio versions of short stories.

Music[edit]

Michael Moorcock & The Deep Fix[edit]

Moorcock has his own music project, which records under the name Michael Moorcock & The Deep Fix. The Deep Fix was the title story of an obscure collection of short stories by James Colvin (a pen name of Moorcock) that was published in the 1960s. The Deep Fix was also the fictional band fronted by Moorcock's character Jerry Cornelius.

The first album New Worlds Fair was released in 1975. The album included Snowy White and a number of Hawkwind regulars in the credits. A second version of the New Worlds album was issued in 2004 under the album name Roller Coaster Holiday. A non-album single, 'Starcruiser' coupled with 'Dodgem Dude', was belatedly issued in 1980.

The Deep Fix band gave a rare live performance at the Roundhouse, London on 18 June 1978 at Nik Turner's Bohemian Love-In, headlined by Turner's band Sphynx and also featuring Tanz Der Youth with Brian James (ex-The Damned), Lightning Raiders, Steve Took's Horns, Roger Ruskin and others.^[35]

In 1982, as a trio with Pete Pavli and Drachen Theaker, some recordings were issued on Hawkwind, Friends and Relations and a limited edition 7' single of 'Brothel in Rosenstrasse' backed with 'Time Centre'.

In 2008, The Entropy Tango & Gloriana Demo Sessions by Michael Moorcock & The Deep Fix was released. These were sessions for planned albums based on two of Moorcock's novels, Gloriana, or The Unfulfill'd Queen and The Entropy Tango, which were never completed.

Working with Martin Stone, Moorcock began recording a new Deep Fix album in Paris, Live From the Terminal Cafe. Following Stone's death in 2016, Moorcock made plans to complete the album with producer Don Falcone. In 2019 Moorcock announced the completion of the album, due to appear in Fall 2019

with Hawkwind[edit]

Moorcock collaborated with the British rock band Hawkwind^[36] on many occasions: the Hawkwind track 'The Black Corridor', for example, included verbatim quotes from Moorcock's novel of the same name, and he worked with the band on their album Warrior on the Edge of Time, for which he earned a gold disc. Moorcock also wrote the lyrics to 'Sonic Attack', a Sci-Fi satire of the public information broadcast, that was part of Hawkwind's Space Ritual set. Hawkwind's album The Chronicle of the Black Sword was largely based on the Elric novels. Moorcock appeared on stage with the band on many occasions, including the Black Sword tour. His contributions were removed from the original release of the Live Chronicles album, recorded on this tour, for legal reasons, but have subsequently appeared on some double CD versions. He can also be seen performing on the DVD version of Chronicle of the Black Sword.

with Robert Calvert[edit]

Moorcock also collaborated with former Hawkwind frontman and resident poet, Robert Calvert (who gave the chilling declamation of 'Sonic Attack'), on Calvert's albums Lucky Leif and the Longships and Hype, playing guitar and banjo and singing background vocals.

with Blue Öyster Cult[edit]

Moorcock wrote the lyrics to three album tracks by the American band Blue Öyster Cult: 'Black Blade', referring to the sword Stormbringer in the Elric books, 'Veteran of the Psychic Wars', showing us Elric's emotions at a critical point of his story (this song may also refer to the 'Warriors at the Edge of Time', which figure heavily in Moorcock's novels about John Daker; at one point his novel The Dragon in the Sword they call themselves the 'veterans of a thousand psychic wars'), and 'The Great Sun Jester', about his friend, the poet Bill Butler, who died of a drug overdose. Moorcock has performed live with BÖC (in 1987 at the Atlanta, GA Dragon Con Convention).

with Spirits Burning[edit]

Moorcock contributed vocals and harmonica to the Spirits Burning & Michael Moorcock CD An Alien Heat, released in 2018. Most of the lyrics were lifted from or based on text in his novel An Alien Heat. The album includes contributions from Albert Bouchard and other members of Blue Öyster Cult, as well as former members of Hawkwind. Moorcock also appeared on five tracks on the Spirits Burning CD Alien Injection, released in 2008. He is credited with singing lead vocals and playing guitar and mandolin. The performances used on the CD were from The Entropy Tango & Gloriana Demo Sessions.

Awards and honours[edit]

Michael Moorcock has received great recognition for his career contributions as well as for particular works.^[37]

The Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame inducted Moorcock in 2002, its seventh class of two deceased and two living writers.^[38] He also received life achievement awards at the World Fantasy Convention in 2000 (World Fantasy Award), at the Utopiales International Festival in 2004 (Prix Utopia), from the Horror Writers Association in 2005 (Bram Stoker Award), and from the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 2008 (named its 25th Grand Master).^[37][39]

• 1993 British Fantasy Award (Committee Award)^{[37][clarification needed]}
• 2000 World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement^[40]
• 2004 Prix Utopiales 'Grandmaster' Lifetime Achievement Award^[37]
• 2004 Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement in the horror genre^[41]
• 2008 Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award, literary fantasy and science fiction^[39]

He was 'Co-Guest of Honor' at the 1976 World Fantasy Convention in New York City^[42] and one Guest of Honor at the 1997 55th World Science Fiction Convention in San Antonio, Texas.

Awards for particular works^[37]

• 1967 Nebula Award (Novella): Behold the Man
• 1972 August Derleth Fantasy Award: The Knight of the Swords^[43]
• 1973 August Derleth Fantasy Award: The King of the Swords^[44]
• 1974 British Fantasy Award (Best Short Story): The Jade Man's Eyes
• 1975 August Derleth Fantasy Award: The Sword and the Stallion^[45]
• 1976 August Derleth Fantasy Award: The Hollow Lands^[46]
• 1977 Guardian Fiction Award: The Condition of Muzak^[47]
• 1979 John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel: Gloriana^[48]
• 1979 World Fantasy Award (Best Novel): Gloriana^[48]

Selected works[edit]

• The Best of Michael Moorcock (Tachyon Publications, 2009)
• The Elric of Melniboné series (1961–1991), including:
  • The Dreaming City (1961)
  • The Stealer of Souls (1963)
  • Stormbringer (1965, revised 1977)
  • Elric of Melniboné (1972)
  • Elric: The Sailor on the Seas of Fate (1976)
  • The Vanishing Tower (1977)
  • Elric at the End of Time (1981)
  • The Fortress of the Pearl (1989)
  • The Revenge of the Rose (1991)
• The Dorian Hawkmoon series (1967-1975), including:
  • The Jewel in the Skull (1967)
  • The Mad God's Amulet (1968)
  • The Sword of the Dawn (1968)
  • The Runestaff (1969)
  • Count Brass (1973)
  • The Champion of Garathorm (1973)
  • The Quest for Tanelorn (1975)
• The Erekosë series (1970-1987), including:
  • The Eternal Champion (1970)
  • Phoenix in Obsidian, aka The Silver Warriors (1970)
  • The Dragon in the Sword (1987)
• The Corum series (1971-1974), including:
  • The Knight of the Swords (1971)
  • The Queen of the Swords (1971)
  • The King of the Swords (1971)
  • The Bull and the Spear (1973)
  • The Oak and the Ram (1973)
  • The Sword and the Stallion (1974)
• Behold the Man (1969)
• The Time Dweller (1969)
• Sailing to Utopia, comprising:
  • Flux (1962)
  • The Ice Schooner (1966)
  • The Black Corridor (1969)
  • The Distant Suns (1975)
• The Chinese Agent (1970)
• The Russian Intelligence (1980)
• Michael Moorcock's Multiverse (1999) (graphic novel)
• The Metatemporal Detective (2007) (collection)
• A Nomad of the Time Streams:
  • The Warlord of the Air (1971)
  • The Land Leviathan (1974)
  • The Steel Tsar (1981)
• The Dancers at the End of Time sequence (1972–76):
  • An Alien Heat (1972)
  • The Hollow Lands (1974)
  • The End of All Songs (1976)
• Legends from the End of Time (1976)
• Gloriana (1978)
• My Experiences in the Third World War (1980)
• Mother London (1988)
• King of the City (2000)
• The Jerry Cornelius quartet of novels and shorter fiction:
  • The Final Programme (1969)
  • A Cure for Cancer (1971)
  • The English Assassin (1972)
  • The Condition of Muzak (1977)
  • The Cornelius Quartet (compilation volume)
  • The Adventures of Una Persson and Catherine Cornelius in the 20th Century (1976)
  • The Lives and Times of Jerry Cornelius (1976)
  • The Entropy Tango (1981)
  • The Alchemist's Question (1984)
  • Firing the Cathedral (novella) (2002)
  • Pegging the President (novella) (2018)
  • The Fracking Factory (novella) (2018 online)
  • Modem Times 2.0 (novella) (2011)

and other stories in various anthologies

• The von Bek sequence:
  • The War Hound and the World's Pain (1981)
  • The Brothel in Rosenstrasse (1982)
  • The City in the Autumn Stars (1986)
• The Between the Wars sequence:
  • Byzantium Endures (1981)
  • The Laughter of Carthage (1984)
  • Jerusalem Commands (1992)
  • The Vengeance of Rome (2006)
• The Second Ether sequence:
  • Blood: A Southern Fantasy (1994)
  • Fabulous Harbours (1995)
  • The War Amongst The Angels (1996)
• London Bone (2001) – short stories
• The Elric/Oona Von Bek sequence:
  • The Dreamthief's Daughter (2001)
  • The Skrayling Tree (2003)
  • The White Wolf's Son (2005)
• Doctor Who:
  • The Coming of the Terraphiles (2010)
• The Sanctuary of the White Friars
  • The Whispering Swarm (2015)

Anthologies edited[edit]

As well as a series of Best SF Stories from New Wolds and The Traps of Time Hart-Davis), he has also edited other volumes, including two bringing together examples of invasion literature:

• Before Armageddon (1975)
• England Invaded (1977)

Nonfiction[edit]

• Wizardry and Wild Romance: a study of epic fantasy (UK: Gollancz, 1987, ISBN0575041463), 160 pp., LCCN88-672236
  • Wizardry and Wild Romance: a study of epic fantasy, revised and expanded (US: MonkeyBrain Books, 2004, ISBN1932265074), 206 pp., OCLC57552226
• Fantasy: The 100 Best Books (London: Xanadu Publications, 1988, ISBN0947761241; Carroll & Graf, 1988, ISBN0881843350), James Cawthorn and Moorcock^[a]
• Into the Media Web: Selected short non-fiction, 1956-2006, edited by John Davey, introduced by Alan Moore, (UK: Savoy Books, 2010, ISBN9780861301201) 718 pp
• London Peculiar and Other Nonfiction, Edited by Michael Moorcock and Allan Kausch, introduced by Iain Sinclair, (US: PM Press, 2012, ISBN9781604864908), 377pp

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

Elric Of Melnibone Novels

1. ^ ^abcXanadu Publications of London commissioned Moorcock to write Fantasy: The 100 Best Books. When it became 'clear that I would not be able to deliver it for a long time, the publishers and I agreed that James Cawthorn was the person to take it over.' Cawthorn was the primary author of the selections 'mainly', according to Cawthorn, and of the text 'by far', according to Moorcock. See Cawthorn and Moorcock, Fantasy, 'Introduction', page 9.
   The introduction, pp. 8–10, comprises a long section signed by Cawthorn, a short one signed by Moorcock, and joint unsigned 'Notes and Acknowledgments'.
   Fantasy became the third or fourth volume in Xanadu's 100 Best series. ISFDB gives release date November 1988 for both Fantasy and Horror.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcdeMichael Moorcock at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database (ISFDB). Retrieved 4 April 2013. Select a title to see its linked publication history and general information. Select a particular edition (title) for more data at that level, such as a front cover image or linked contents.
2. ^Michael Ashley, Transformations: Volume 2 in the History of the Science Fiction Magazine, 1950–1970 (Liverpool, England: Liverpool University Press, 2005), p. 250.
3. ^ ^abThe 50 Greatest British Writers Since 1945. 5 January 2008. The Times. Retrieved 27 February 2010.
4. ^ ^ab'Michael Moorcock biography'. Fantasy Book Review. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
5. ^ ^abcAndrew Harrison (24 July 2015). 'Michael Moorcock: 'I think Tolkien was a crypto-fascist''. New Statesman. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
6. ^ ^ab'Angry Old Men: Michael Moorcock on J.G. Ballard'. Ballardian. 9 July 2007. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
7. ^Thoughts Interviews People Online Chat with Michael Moorcock
8. ^''I was facing truths I didn't particularly want to look at': Michael Moorcock interview - The Spectator'. 8 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
9. ^'Jill Riches – Summary Bibliography'. ISFDB. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
10. ^John Clute, 'Introduction to The Michael Moorcock Collection', in The Steel Tsar, Hachette, 2018.
11. ^'Michael Moorcock', multiverse.org.
12. ^Iain Sinclair, 'Michael Moorcock’s ghost fleet', The Times Literary Supplement (TLS), 7 October 2013.
13. ^ ^ab'An Interview with Michael Moorcock'. ofblog.blogspot.co.uk. 5 May 2006. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
14. ^Hari Kunzru (4 February 2011). 'When Hari Kunzru met Michael Moorcock'. The Guardian. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
15. ^Ben Graham (22 November 2010). 'Talking To The Sci-Fi Lord: Regenerations & Ruminations With Michael Moorcock'. The Quietus. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
16. ^ ^abcKilljoy, Margaret (2009). 'Mythmakers & Lawbreakers: anarchist writers on fiction'(PDF). AK Press. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
17. ^Publication Listing: Sojan (1977 collection). ISFDB. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
18. ^'Sexton Blake Library'. David Langford [DRL]. 21 August 2012. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, 3rd online edition [2011–2013, ongoing]. John Clute, David Langford, and Peter Nicholls (eds). Retrieved 17 April 2013.
19. ^'New Wave'. The Encyclopaedia of Science Fiction. 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
20. ^https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/radiant-time-an-interview-with-michael-moorcock/#!
21. ^'The Michael Moorcock Interview'. Quantum Muse. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
22. ^wiki/index.php?title=The_Pleasure_Garden_of_Felipe_Sagittarius 'The Pleasure Garden of Felipe Sagittarius'. Wiki hosted by Moorcock's Miscellany.
23. ^Ian Davey (1996–2001). 'Michael Moorcock: Cartographer of the Multiverse'. Sweet Despise. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
24. ^ ^ab'Michael Moorcock'. The Encyclopaedia of Science Fiction. 27 September 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
25. ^Peter Bebergal (31 December 2014). 'The Anti-Tolkien'. The New Yorker. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
26. ^R.K. Troughton (22 January 2014). 'Interview with SFWA Grand Master Michael Moorcock'. Amazing Stories Magazine. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
27. ^Michael Moorcock (1997). 'Mervyn Peake'. An abridged version of his introduction to the Folio Society edition of the Gormenghast trilogy. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
28. ^Michael Moorcock. 'Epic Pooh'. RevolutionSF. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
29. ^Michael Moorcock. 'Starship Stormtroopers'. A People's Libertarian Index. Archived from the original on 24 December 2002. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
30. ^Mike Coombes. 'An Interview with Michael Moorcock'. The Internet Review of Science Fiction. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
31. ^'Origin'. Next Generation. Imagine Media (13): 105–8. January 1996. We've also got a game called Silver Heart that should be coming out next year. It's going to be an adventure-fantasy in the cinematic fold of Wing Commander, with a script by Michael Moorcock.
32. ^'BY TARDIS THROUGH THE MULTIVERSE'. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011.
33. ^Moorcock, Michael; Michael Moorcock (21 November 2009). 'I'm Writing the New Doctor Who'. The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
34. ^'Doctor Who The Coming of the Terraphiles Michael Moorcock'(PDF). BBC Books. 11 June 2010. Archived from the original(pdf) on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
35. ^Hawkwind - Sonic Assassins, Ian Abrahams, SAF Publishing 2004 p112
36. ^Mike Coombes, 'An Interview with Michael Moorcock', The Internet Review of Science Fiction, February 2005.
37. ^ ^abcde'Moorcock, Michael'Archived 16 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index to Literary Nominees. Locus Publications. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
38. ^'Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame'Archived 21 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Mid American Science Fiction and Fantasy Conventions, Inc. Retrieved 26 March 2013. This was the official website of the hall of fame to 2004.
39. ^ ^ab'Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master'Archived 1 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA). Retrieved 26 March 2013.
40. ^World Fantasy Convention (2010). 'Award Winners and Nominees'. Archived from the original on 1 December 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
41. ^'Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement'Archived 9 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Horror Writers Association (HWA). Retrieved 6 April 2013.
42. ^'History Of The World Fantasy Conventions'. Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
43. ^'1972 Award Winners & Nominees'. Worlds Without End. Retrieved 1 July 2009.
44. ^'1973 Award Winners & Nominees'. Worlds Without End. Retrieved 1 July 2009.
45. ^'1975 Award Winners & Nominees'. Worlds Without End. Retrieved 1 July 2009.
46. ^'1976 Award Winners & Nominees'. Worlds Without End. Retrieved 1 July 2009.
47. ^Flood, Alison (18 February 2015). 'New Michael Moorcock novel to combine autobiography and fantasy'. The Guardian. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
48. ^ ^ab'1979 Award Winners & Nominees'. Worlds Without End. Retrieved 1 July 2009.

Further reading[edit]

• Harris-Fain, Darren. British Fantasy and Science-Fiction Writers Since 1960, Gale Group, 2002, ISBN0-7876-6005-1, P. 293
• Kaplan, Carter. 'Fractal Fantasies of Transformation: William Blake, Michael Moorcock and the Utilities of Mythographic Shamanism'. In New Boundaries in Political Science Fiction (Hassler, Donald M., & Clyde Wilcox, eds), University of South Carolina Press, 2008, ISBN1-57003-736-1, pp. 35–52.
• Magill, Frank Northern. Survey of Modern Fantasy Literature, Volume 1, Salem Press, 1983, ISBN0-89356-451-6, p. 489.

External links[edit]

General[edit]

• Moorcock's Miscellany (official)
• Michael Moorcock at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• Michael Moorcock on IMDb
• 'Michael Moorcock biography'. Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame.
• Fantastic Metropolis, co-edited by Michael Moorcock
• Michael Moorcock pages at RealityEnds
• Michael John Moorcock at ComicBookDB.com
• Michael Moorcock at Library of Congress Authorities, with 131 catalogue records (with notice to browse other names too)
• Various Facebook Pages include The Many Worlds of Michael Moorcock and Friends Who Like Michael Moorcock

Nonfiction[edit]

• 'Epic Pooh', by Michael Moorcock
• 'Starship Stormtroopers' at the Wayback Machine (archived 24 December 2002), by Michael Moorcock
• Also 'Starship Stormtroopers' at the Stan Iverson Memorial Archives
• 'If Hitler Had Won World War Two...' by Michael Moorcock. e*l* 25, (Vol.5 No.2) Apr.2005. (Earl Kemp, ed.)
• 'A Child's Christmas in the Blitz' by Michael Moorcock. e*l* 35, Dec. 2007. (Earl Kemp, ed.)

Interviews[edit]

• The Internet Review of Science Fiction interview (registration required)
• Dancing At the End of Time: Moorcock on Posthumanity.Humanity+ interview with Woody Evans.