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Movies; Pay It Forward (2000) Pay It Forward (2000) Trailer. Like some other kids, 12-year-old Trevor McKinney believed in the goodness of human nature. Like many other kids, he was determined to change the world for the better. Unlike most other kids, he succeeded. Dec 13, 2018 - Download Pay It Forward Full movie torrent - Years later, the man offered to return the entire amount to Erdős, but Erdős insisted that the man.

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Pay it forward is an expression for describing the beneficiary of a good deed repaying it to others instead of to the original benefactor.

The concept is old, but the phrase may have been coined by Lily Hardy Hammond in her 1916 book In the Garden of Delight.^[1]

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'Pay it forward' is implemented in contract law of loans in the concept of third party beneficiaries. Specifically, the creditor offers the debtor the option of paying the debt forward by lending it to a third person instead of paying it back to the original creditor. This contract may include the provision that the debtor may repay the debt in kind, lending the same amount to a similarly disadvantaged party once they have the means, and under the same conditions. Debt and payments can be monetary or by good deeds. A related type of transaction, which starts with a gift instead of a loan, is alternative giving.

• 1History

History[edit]

Pay it forward was used as a key plot element in the denouement of a New Comedy play by Menander, Dyskolos (a title which can be translated as 'The Grouch'). Dyskolos was a prizewinning play in ancient Athens in 317 BC; however, the text of the play was lost and it was only recovered and republished in 1957.

The concept was rediscovered and described by Benjamin Franklin, in a letter to Benjamin Webb dated April 25, 1784:^[2]

I do not pretend to give such a deed; I only lend it to you. When you [...] meet with another honest Man in similar Distress, you must pay me by lending this Sum to him; enjoining him to discharge the Debt by a like operation, when he shall be able, and shall meet with another opportunity. I hope it may thus go thro' many hands, before it meets with a Knave that will stop its Progress. This is a trick of mine for doing a deal of good with a little money.

Ralph Waldo Emerson, in his 1841 essay 'Compensation',^[3] wrote: 'In the order of nature we cannot render benefits to those from whom we receive them, or only seldom. But the benefit we receive must be rendered again, line for line, deed for deed, cent for cent, to somebody.'

In 1916, Lily Hardy Hammond wrote, 'You don't pay love back; you pay it forward.'^[1]

Woody Hayes (February 14, 1913 – March 12, 1987) was a college football coach who is best remembered for winning five national titles and 13 Big Ten championships in 28 years at The Ohio State University. He misquoted Emerson as having said 'You can pay back only seldom. You can always pay forward, and you must pay line for line, deed for deed, and cent for cent.' He also shortened the (mis)quotation into 'You can never pay back; but you can always pay forward' and variants.^[4][5]

The 1929 novel, Magnificent Obsession, by Lloyd C. Douglas, also espoused this philosophy, in combination with the concept that good deeds should be performed in confidence.

An anonymous spokesman for Alcoholics Anonymous said in The Christian Science Monitor in 1944, 'You can't pay anyone back for what has happened to you, so you try to find someone you can pay forward.'^[6]

Also in 1944, the first steps were taken in the development of what became the Heifer Project, one of whose core strategies is 'Passing on the Gift'.^[7]

Robert Heinlein's contribution[edit]

The term 'pay it forward' was popularized by Robert A. Heinlein in his book Between Planets, published in 1951:

The banker reached into the folds of his gown, pulled out a single credit note. 'But eat first—a full belly steadies the judgment. Do me the honor of accepting this as our welcome to the newcomer.'

His pride said no; his stomach said YES! Don took it and said, 'Uh, thanks! That's awfully kind of you. I'll pay it back, first chance.'

'Instead, pay it forward to some other brother who needs it.'

Heinlein both preached and practiced this philosophy.^{[citation needed]} Today, the Heinlein Society, a humanitarian organization founded in his name, practices it in the form of various programs such as blood drives, free educational CDs for teachers, and US$500 scholarships.^[8]Author Spider Robinson made repeated reference to the doctrine, attributing it to his spiritual mentor Heinlein.^{[9][not in citation given]}

Heinlein was a mentor to Ray Bradbury, giving him help and quite possibly passing on the concept, made famous by the publication of a letter from him to Heinlein thanking him. In Bradbury's novel Dandelion Wine, published in 1957, when the main character Douglas Spaulding is reflecting on his life being saved by Mr. Jonas, the Junkman:

How do I thank Mr. Jonas, he wondered, for what he's done? How do I thank him, how pay him back? No way, no way at all. You just can't pay. What then? What? Pass it on somehow, he thought, pass it on to someone else. Keep the chain moving. Look around, find someone, and pass it on. That was the only way....

Bradbury has also advised that writers he has helped thank him by helping other writers.

Other contributions[edit]

The mathematician Paul Erdős heard about a promising math student unable to enroll in Harvard University for financial reasons. Erdős contributed enough to allow the young man to register. Years later, the man offered to return the entire amount to Erdős, but Erdős insisted that the man rather find another student in his situation, and give the money to him.^[10]

Some time in 1980, a sixteen-page supplemental Marvel comic appeared in the Chicago Tribune entitled “What Price a Life?” and was subsequently reprinted as the backup story in Marvel Team-Up #126 dated February 1983. This was a team-up between Spider-Man and The Incredible Hulk, in which Spider-Man helps the Hulk escape from police who mistakenly thought that he was attacking them. Afterwards, they meet in their secret identities, with Peter Parker warning Bruce Banner to leave town because of the Hulk’s seeming attack on police. But Banner is flat broke, and cannot afford even bus fare. As a result, Parker gives Banner his last $5 bill, saying that someone had given him money when he was down on his luck, and this was how he was repaying that debt. Later, in Chicago, the Hulk confronts muggers who had just robbed an elderly retired man of his pension money, all the money he had. After corralling the muggers, the Hulk turns towards the victim. The retiree thinks that the Hulk is about to attack him as well, but instead, the Hulk gives him the $5 bill. It transpires that the very same old man had earlier given a down-on-his-luck Peter Parker a $5 bill.^[11]

In 2000, Catherine Ryan Hyde's novel Pay It Forward was published and adapted into a film of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. and starring Kevin Spacey, Helen Hunt and Haley Joel Osment. In Ryan Hyde's book and movie it is described as an obligation to do three good deeds for others in response to a good deed that one receives. Such good deeds should accomplish things that the other person cannot accomplish on their own. In this way, the practice of helping one another can spread geometrically through society, at a ratio of three to one, creating a social movement with an impact of making the world a better place.

The Pay it Forward Movement and Foundation^[12] was founded in the USA helping start a ripple effect of kindness acts around the world. The newly appointed president of the foundation, Charley Johnson, had an idea for encouraging kindness acts by having a Pay it Forward Bracelet^[13] that could be worn as a reminder. Since then, over a million Pay it Forward bracelets have been distributed in over 100 countries sparking acts of kindness. Few bracelets remain with their original recipients, however, as they circulate in the spirit of the reciprocal or generalized altruism.

In 2007, International Pay It Forward Day^[14] was founded in Australia by Blake Beattie. It has now spread to 70 countries with over 50 state and city proclamations. It is estimated that it has inspired over five million acts of kindness and has featured on 7, 9, 10, ABC, NBC, Fox 5, Fox 8 and Global News in Canada.

On April 5, 2012, WBRZ-TV, the American Broadcasting Company affiliate for the city of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, did a story on The Newton Project,^[15] a 501(c)(3) outreach organization created to demonstrate that regardless of how big the problems of the world may seem, each person can make a difference simply by taking the time to show love, appreciation and kindness to the people around them. It is based on the classic pay-it-forward concept, but demonstrates the impact of each act on the world by tracking each wristband with a unique ID number and quantifying the lives each has touched. The Newton Project’s attempt to quantify the benefits of a Pay It Forward type system can be viewed by the general public at their website.

Inspired by John F. Kennedy who profoundly declared, 'Let us think of education as the means of developing our greatest abilities, because in each of us there is a private hope and dream which, fulfilled, can be translated into benefit for everyone and greater strength for our nation', The Student Body of America Association,^[16] a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization, has initiated its Project Pay it Forward^[17] program to implement education with the pay-it-forward concept.

Businesses have also adopted the concept as part of their corporate culture. Fargo, N.D.–based Bell Bank started a Pay It Forward program in 2007, inspired by Oprah Winfrey’s “Pay It Forward” project.^[18] The program gives full-time employees $1,000 and part-time employees $500 each year to give to people and organizations in need.^[19] Employees are also given $1,000 to give to a customer, vendor or community member to donate to someone else.^[19] The program has given out more than $8 million so far.^[20]

After launching the program, Michael Solberg, Bell Bank’s president and CEO, appeared on a number of news outlets to talk about it, including Good Morning America, CBS’s The Early Show, Fox News^[18] and CBS Evening News with Katie Couric.^[21]

Economic model[edit]

Pay It Forward Movie Online

Several firms have adopted the pay it forward approach as an economic model. These include Karma Kitchen, where patrons' meals have already been paid for by previous customers, and customers are then encouraged to contribute toward future patrons' meals.^[22]Heifer Project International pioneered the approach in sustainable development, and it has been utilized by microfinance lenders.^[23] Some authors advocate the pay it forward approach be utilized as the primary means of economic transaction.^[24]Such models have begun to be the topic of research.^[25][26]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abHammond, Lily Hardy (1916). In the Garden of Delight. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. p. 209. Archived from the original on October 7, 2012.
2. ^Franklin, Benjamin (1917). Autobiography. Macmillan. p. 241. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
3. ^Ralph Waldo Emerson, 'Compensation', 1841 (text of Emerson essay)
4. ^Greene, Bob. 'You can always pay forward'. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
5. ^'Woody Hayes: Sport Motivational Advice from the Commencement Speech at Ohio State University'. GraduationWisdom.com. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
6. ^'Group to Combat Alcoholism Grows Apace in Anonymity'The Christian Science Monitor, January 8, 1944; p. 3
7. ^'Heifer International - Charity Ending Hunger And Poverty'. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
8. ^'Pay It Forward'. The Heinlein Society. Retrieved February 8, 2018. The most important aspect of Robert Heinlein’s legacy that we at The Heinlein Society support and adhere to is his concept of paying it forward.
9. ^'The Heinlein Society'.
10. ^Hoffman, Paul (1998). The Man Who Loved Only Numbers. Fourth Estate. ISBN978-1-85702-829-4.
11. ^Sjoerdsma, Al. 'Review of 'What Price a Life?''. SpiderFan.org. Archived from the original on 12 November 2011. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
12. ^'HOME'. Pay It Forward Foundation. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
13. ^'Web hosting provider - Bluehost.com - domain hosting - PHP Hosting - cheap web hosting - Frontpage Hosting E-Commerce Web Hosting Bluehost'. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
14. ^Pay It Forward Day
15. ^'The Newton Project'. Archived from the original on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 2018-01-31.CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
16. ^'Home'. Project Pay It Forward. 20 October 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
17. ^Forward, Project Pay It (20 October 2013). 'Home'. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
18. ^ ^abThe Forum of Fargo-Moorhead, December 18, 2007 http://www.inforum.com/content/state-banks-pay-it-forward-initiative-receiving-worldwide-media-attention
19. ^ ^abBush Foundation http://bmag.bushfoundation.org/buzz/who-michael-solberg
20. ^Northwestern Financial Review, June 1, 2016 http://www.northwesternfinancialreview.com/issue/northwestern-financial-review/article/bell-state-bank-rings-in-50th-anniversary
21. ^The Forum of Fargo-Moorhead, January 10, 2008 http://www.inforum.com/content/banks-pay-it-forward-effort-be-featured-cbs-news
22. ^'About Karma Kitchen'. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
23. ^Nikolau, Lisa (11 April 2016). 'Pay-it-forward model shows potential for microfinance in developing nations'. Humanosphere. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
24. ^Boyle, Mark (2013). The Moneyless Manifesto. Permanent Publications. ISBN978-1856231015. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
25. ^Theodore, Pemo (15 March 2010). 'Pay it Forward Business Model'. EZebis. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
26. ^Jung, M. H.; Nelson, L. D.; Gneezy, A.; Gneezy, U. (September 2014). 'Paying more when paying for others'(PDF). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 107 (3): 414–31. CiteSeerX10.1.1.650.5688. doi:10.1037/a0037345. ISSN1939-1315. PMID25133724. Retrieved 12 January 2017.

External links[edit]

Pay It Forward is a 2000 American romantic drama film directed by Mimi Leder. The film is loosely based on the novel of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde. It is set in Las Vegas, and it chronicles 12-year-old Trevor McKinney's launch of a goodwill movement known as 'pay it forward'. It stars Haley Joel Osment as Trevor, Helen Hunt as his alcoholic single mother Arlene McKinney, and Kevin Spacey as his physically and emotionally scarred social studies teacher Eugene Simonet.

The film was released on October 20, 2000 to mixed reviews, with most critics praising the acting, writing, music and cinematography but criticizing the story and accusing it of excessive emotional manipulation, particularly in its ending.

Plot[edit]

Trevor (Haley Joel Osment) begins 7th grade in Las Vegas, Nevada. His social studies teacher Eugene Simonet (Kevin Spacey) gives the class an assignment to devise and put into action a plan that will change the world for the better. Trevor's plan is a charitable program based on the networking of good deeds. He calls his plan 'pay it forward', which means the recipient of a favor does a favor for three others rather than paying the favor back. However, it needs to be a major favor that the recipient cannot complete themselves.

Trevor does a favor for three people, asking each of them to 'pay the favor forward' by doing favors for three other people, and so on, along a branching tree of good deeds. His first good deed is to let a homeless man named Jerry (Jim Caviezel) live in his garage, and Jerry pays the favor forward by doing car repairs for Trevor's mother. Trevor's efforts appear to fail when Jerry relapses into drug addiction, but Jerry pays his debt forward later by talking to a suicidal woman, who is about to jump off a bridge.

Meanwhile, Trevor's mother Arlene (Helen Hunt) confronts Eugene about Trevor's project after discovering Jerry in their house. Trevor then selects Eugene as his next 'pay it forward' target and tricks Eugene and Arlene into a romantic dinner date. This also appears to fail until Trevor and Arlene argue about her love for Ricky, her alcoholic ex-husband, and she slaps him in a fit of anger. The two adults are brought together again when Trevor runs away from home and Arlene asks Eugene to help her find him.

After finding Trevor, Arlene begins to pursue Eugene sexually. Eugene has deep burn marks visible on his neck and face, and he initially resists Arlene's overtures out of insecurity. When they finally sleep together, he is seen to have extensive scarring all over his torso. Arlene accepts Eugene's physical disfigurement and forms an emotional bond with him, but quickly abandons their relationship when Ricky (Jon Bon Jovi) returns to her, claiming to have given up drinking. His return and her acceptance of it angers Eugene, whose own mother had a habit of taking his abusive, alcoholic father back. When Arlene attempts to explain to Eugene that she believes Ricky has changed for good, Eugene explains that his father intentionally burned him by knocking him unconscious, then pouring gasoline over him and igniting it. He berates Arlene for being 'one of those women' and warns her of Ricky's potential to abuse Trevor. When Ricky drinks again and resumes his abusive behavior, Arlene realizes her mistake and forces him to leave.

Trevor's school assignment marks the beginning of the story's chronology, but the opening scene in the film shows one of the later favors in the 'pay it forward' tree, in which a man gives a car to Los Angeles journalist Chris Chandler (Jay Mohr). As the film proceeds, Chris traces the chain of favors back to its origin as Trevor's school project. After her date with Eugene, Arlene paid Jerry's favor forward by forgiving her own mother, Grace (Angie Dickinson), for her mistakes in raising Arlene, and Grace, who is homeless, helps a gang member escape from the police. The gang member then saves a girl's life in a hospital, and the girl's father gives Chris his new car.

Chris finally identifies Trevor as the originator of 'pay it forward' and conducts a recorded interview in which Trevor describes his hopes and concerns for the project. Eugene, hearing Trevor's words, realizes that he and Arlene should be together. As Eugene and Arlene reconcile with an embrace, Trevor notices his friend, Adam, being bullied by gangster-like children, as he has several times before. He pays it forward to Adam by rushing into the scene and fighting the bullies while Eugene and Arlene rush to stop him. One of the bullies takes a switchblade out of his pocket and stabs Trevor in the abdomen with it. The bullies run away and Trevor is taken to the hospital, where he dies from his injuries. This news is reported on television as well as the fact that the movement is spreading across the country; Arlene and Eugene are soon visited by hundreds of people who have participated in or heard of the 'Pay It Forward' movement by gathering in a vigil to pay Trevor their respects.

Cast[edit]

• Kevin Spacey as Eugene Simonet. He is Trevor's social studies teacher, and an emotionally and physically scarred man. As a teenager, he suffered abuse from his father (including lighting him on fire) and still has burns visible on his face and torso. He begins the film as a shy recluse, self-conscious about his deformities, but eventually he enters a relationship with Trevor's mother Arlene and overcomes his fears. He sets an assignment to Trevor's class, asking them to change the world for the better. He is significantly changed from the novel, where he was an African-American man named Reuben St. Clair who had been injured in the Vietnam War.
• Helen Hunt as Arlene McKinney. She is Trevor's alcoholic, single mother who works at both a casino and a strip club. She has a past history of abusive relationships, especially with her mostly absent husband Ricky. She eventually enters a relationship with Eugene, and with his and Trevor's help manages to overcome her alcoholism and abuse.
• Haley Joel Osment as Trevor McKinney. He is a 12-year-old boy who is troubled by his mother's alcoholism and his father's abuse and absence. He starts the 'Pay It Forward' movement. He initially believes that the movement was not successful, and does not feel much pride towards it, stating that he was acting to improve the world - not to receive recognition. He is stabbed and killed while trying to pay it forward to his bullied friend, Adam.
• Jay Mohr as Chris Chandler. He is a reporter who traces the 'Pay it Forward' movement from Los Angeles back to Trevor. He interviews Trevor and writes a magazine column on the movement after Trevor's death.
• James Caviezel as Jerry. He is a homeless drug addict who Trevor attempts to help as part of the 'Pay it Forward' movement. Although Trevor believes his attempts have failed once Jerry relapses into drug use, Jerry eventually pays it forward by saving a woman who was about to kill herself on a bridge.
• Angie Dickinson as Grace. She is Arlene's mother and Trevor's grandmother. Although she was a negligent parent to Arlene, almost forcing them to live on the street, Arlene eventually forgives her as part of the 'Pay it Forward' movement.
• Jon Bon Jovi as Ricky McKinney. He is Trevor's abusive and alcoholic father who has since left the family. Arlene often allows him to return to the family despite the abuse, however she learns throughout the film to reject him and protect Trevor and herself from violence.
• Marc Donato as Adam. He is Trevor's friend who has been bullied his whole life at school. Trevor pays it forward to him by preventing him from being bullied, however he is stabbed in the process.
• David Ramsey also stars as Sidney Parker, an African-American man involved in the 'Pay it Forward' movement, as does Gary Werntz (director Mimi Leder's real-life husband) as Mr. Thorsen. Kathleen Wilhoite also stars as Bonnie, Arlene's sponsor and mentor.

Pay It Forward Film

Production[edit]

Leslie Dixon adapted the screenplay from the book of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde, which was available as an open writing assignment.^[2] Dixon struggled with the adaptation of the book in part because of multiple narrative voices within it. Specifically, the reporter, the central character in the film, does not show up until halfway through the novel. Stuck, Dixon considered returning the money she was paid for the assignment.^[3] She eventually hit upon the idea to start with the reporter and trace the events backwards.^[3] Dixon presented the idea to Hyde who in turn liked it so much that she decided to change the then unpublished novel's plot structure to mirror the film's.^[4] In the novel, the character of Eugene Simonet was originally an African-American man named Reuben St. Clair. The role was offered to Denzel Washington, but he turned it down the role to do Remember the Titans instead. Kevin Spacey was contacted next and accepted the role of Eugene Simonet.

On November 19, 1999, it was announced that Osment had been cast as Trevor McKinney.

The film was shot from February 14 until April 18, 2000. Filming took place on location in Las Vegas, Nevada and on studio in Los Angeles, California, with additional shooting (for the bridge scene) taking place in Portland, Oregon.

Soundtrack[edit]

The film's soundtrack was composed by Thomas Newman and was released by Varèse Sarabande on October 7, 2000 (around two weeks before the film's release).

The soundtrack was generally praised by critics, and is considered to be fitting with the theme of the film.

The track listing of the soundtrack is:

• 'Possibility' (2:34)
• 'Car Trouble' (1:08)
• 'Washer Vodka' (1:53)
• 'Cereal Bum' (1:04)
• 'Come Out Jerry' (1:10)
• 'Fixture Vodka' (1:37)
• 'Rat Bastard' (0:57)
• 'One Kiss' (1:47)
• 'Tardiness' (2:11)
• 'In Recovery' (1:03)
• 'Jaguar' (1:04)
• 'Dumpster' (1:11)
• 'Sleepover' (4:33)
• 'Cosmic Aristotle' (1:56)
• 'Euphemism' (1:06)
• 'Pay It Forward' (1:06)
• 'Night and Day and Night' (1:09)
• 'Asthma' (0:59)
• 'Powers of Three' (1:03)
• 'Desert Drive' (1:35)
• 'Wasted Air' (1:42)
• 'The Bad Thing' (0:51)
• 'Gasoline' (1:40)
• 'Velocity Organ' (1:27)
• 'I Forgive You' (2:26)

In addition, the song 'Calling All Angels' by Jane Siberry is played in the film and is included on the soundtrack.

Reception[edit]

The film opened at #4 in the North American box office making $9,631,359 USD in its opening weekend, behind Remember the Titans, Bedazzled and Meet the Parents, which was on its third week at number one.

The film received mixed reviews, although the performances of Spacey, Hunt, and Osment were universally praised.

Rotten Tomatoes rated the film with 40% based on 127 reviews with a consensus saying, 'Pay It Forward has strong performances from Spacey, Hunt, and Osment, but the movie itself is too emotionally manipulative and the ending is bad.'^[5]

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 2.5 stars out of a possible 4 stating, 'With a cleaner story line, the basic idea could have been free to deliver. As it is, we get a better movie than we might have, because the performances are so good: Spacey as a vulnerable and wounded man; Hunt as a woman no less wounded in her own way, and Osment, once again proving himself the equal of adult actors in the complexity and depth of his performance. I believed in them and cared for them. I wish the movie could have gotten out of their way.'^[6]

Entertainment Weekly's Lisa Schwarzbaum gave it a 'D' grade, calling it 'reprehensible' for using 'shameless cliches of emotional and physical damage' and then 'blackmailing audiences into joining the let's-be-nice 'movement' in order to be transparent Oscar bait.^[7]

References[edit]

1. ^'Pay It Forward (2000) - Box Office Mojo'. boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
2. ^Cohen, David S (2008). SCREENPLAYS: HOW 25 SCRIPTS MADE IT TO A THEATER NEAR YOU-FOR BETTER OR WORSE (First ed.). New York: HarperEntertainment. p. 115.
3. ^ ^abCohen 117
4. ^Cohen 117-118
5. ^'Pay It Forward'. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
6. ^Ebert, Roger. 'Pay It Forward Movie Review & Film Summary (2000) - Roger Ebert'. www.rogerebert.com. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
7. ^'Pay It Forward'. Retrieved 25 February 2018.

External links[edit]

• Pay It Forward on IMDb
• Pay It Forward at Rotten Tomatoes
• Pay It Forward at Metacritic
• Pay It Forward at Box Office Mojo